低氧-膳食-运动与丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体的活性调控

Relation among Hypoxia,Diet,Exercise and PDC Regulation

丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体(PDC)的活性调节对运动时糖与脂肪的动员速率与相对比例有决定意义。PDKs/PDPs对PDC的磷酸化/脱磷酸化作用是线粒体适应不同生理环境的代谢调节方式,PDKs/PDPs上游的基因转录调控也是线粒体生长的调控机制。PDC与PDKs/ PDPs都具有组织特异性。PDK1对低氧敏感,PDK4对膳食敏感。运动对PDK4的基因调控可能有着不依赖AMPK的独立性以及时运动方式的特殊敏感性。就低氧、膳食、运动与PDC的活性调控做一综述,以期为运动训练中训练手段、训练环境与膳食调节的合理运用提供理论参考。

Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex （PDC） is a key switch for utilization ratio of glucose and fatty acid during exercise. The essential pathways of metabolic regulation, in which way mitochondria adapt to physiological stimuli, is the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of PDC by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase （PDK） and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase （PDP）. Upstream Regulation of PDKs/PDPs in transcriptional level also controls exactly mitochondrial biogenesis. PDC and PDKs/PDPs exhibit tissue-specific difference. The response of PDK1 to hypoxia and PDK4 to diet is stronger than the other PDKs. Gene expression of PDK4 during exercise may be AMPK-independent and responsive specially to exercise protocols. This paper summarized the relation among hypoxia, diet, exercise and PDC regulation, and provided the reference for effective and rational application of exercise protocol, environment and diet in exercise training.