拟除虫菊酯类农药酶免疫分析方法研究进展

Progress of Enzyme Immunoassays for Pyrethroids Insecticides

对拟除虫菊酯类单一农药残留和多残留酶免疫分析方法的研究进展进行了综述。在介绍单一农药残留酶免疫分析方法中半抗原分子设计和ELISA方法建立的基础上,指出刚性连接臂是菊酯类农药免疫半抗原分子设计的一般原则,包被原和免疫原采用不同的载体蛋白和不同结构的半抗原有利于菊酯类农药ELISA方法的建立。在介绍菊酯类农药多残留酶免疫分析方法时,剖析了通用免疫半抗原的结构特点,阐述了宽谱特异性抗体的筛选方法,揭示了在菊酯类农药多残留酶免疫分析法中存在竞争半抗原的选择具有盲目性、宽谱特异性抗体对不同农药的特异性差异较大的问题。并对拟除虫菊酯类农药通用免疫半抗原设计及多残留酶免疫分析技术的发展趋势进行了探讨。

Enzyme immunoassay is a desirable method for detecting residues of pyrethroids insecticides. Recently many immunoassays methods for pyrethroids have been reported, but few focused on the multi residue analysis of pyrethroids. The development of enzyme immunoassays for the determination of pyrethroid residues were reviewed, including hapten design, antibody preparation, and immunoassay establishment and applications. Most of the studies showed that a rigid or shorter side chain in an immunizing hapten is important for the generation of sensitive and selective antibodies for pyrethroids. In addition, the advantages of the heterologous immunoassay were also pointed out. The structure characters of the general immunizing hapten were introduced, and the selective method of broad specific antibody was referred to. The key points in the multi-residue immunoassays, including the selection of the competitive hapten, and the specificity of the broad specific antibody to different pesticides were discussed. Finally,the development trends of general hapten design and multi-residue immunoassay of pyethroids were summarized.