测绘仪器测量不确定度中的灵敏系数

Sensitivity coefficient in measurement uncertainty components of surveying instruments

灵敏系数的计算是不确定度计算的关键。在测绘仪器的计量检定中,常对多个目标进行多测回的测量来采集的数据(输入量),通过公式间接求出测量结果(输出量)。因而在测量不确定度的评定中,数学模型繁杂,致使求取(输入量到输出量的)灵敏系数困难,方法也各不相同。采用强行偏导法;传递继承法;方差比例法计算出几个典型的测绘仪器(经纬仪,经纬仪检定装置和全站型电子速测仪)的灵敏系数。解决了测绘仪器测量不确定度评定中的技术难题。

Sensitivity coefficient calculation is the key point of uncertainty evaluations. In surveying instrument verifications, input values, data were collected through measuring multi-target for many times, and output value, surveying result was calculated with mathematical formula indirectly. But in measurement uncertainty evaluation, the mathematical model often was complex and was difficulty to calculate sensitivity coefficient （from input value to output value）, furthermore, the evaluation methods were different too. Herein, the sensitivity coefficients were calculated with partial derivative, iterative method and deflection ration for some typical surveying instruments including theodolite, theodolite verification device and electronic tachometer total station. And the technique problem for surveying instrument uncertainty evaluation was resolved.