哈特对“命令说”的反驳及其法律规则说

Hart′s Refutation to Command Theory and His Theory of Legal Rule

哈特是当代西方最著名的法理学家之一和新分析实证主义法学的创始人。他从分析奥斯丁等早期分析法学派的主要法律思想入手,对法律的概念以及其它相关概念进行了较为深刻的剖析。他指出,法律不是以威胁为后盾的强制性命令并从法律的内容、法律适用的范围、以及法律产生的方式三个方面论证了"命令说"的荒谬性。在此基础上,提出了他关于法律概念的重要学说———法即第一性规则和第二性规则的结合。

H·L·A·Hart was one of the most famous jurists and the founder of New Analytical Positivism Jurisprudence in modem western countries. He dissected profoundly fundamental legal conceptions and other related ones, beginning with analyzing early analytical jurists presented by Austin. He pointed out that law is not coercive order backed by threats. And he presented some evidence on absurdity of “theory of order” in terms of its content, province and sources of law. On this basis, he put forward his important theory that law is the combination of primary and secondary rules.