从目的论看《浮生六记》英译本中的“变译”现象

On Translation variations in English Version of Six Chapters of A Floating Life:A Perspective of Skopos Theory

20世纪70年代德国的费密尔(HJ.Vermeer)提出了目的论。翻译的"目的论"认为,所有翻译要遵循的首要法则就是"目的法则"。翻译行为所要达到的目的决定整个翻译行为的过程。译文为了达到预期的目的或功能,在翻译过程中所采用的处理方法也不同。翻译不是纯语言的转换活动,它体现了不同文化之间的交流。因此,如何处理文化差异现象是不容忽视的问题。依据"目的法则",林语堂在《浮生六记》的英译本中采用了变译的方法,既符合英语的表达习惯,又保留了中国文化的特点,达到了两者的满意结合。

In 1970s, H J. Vermeer of Germany put forwards Skopos theory. According to Skopos theory, the prime principle determining any translation process is the purpose （Skopos） of the overall translational action. The topranking rule for any translation is thus the “Skopos rule”. Different translation strategies should be used for different purposes or intended functions. Translation is not merely a transferring activity between two languages, It also includes all kinds of cultural factors. Therefore, it is of great importance to solve the problem of different cultures in translating process. When translating Six Chapters of A Floating Life, master Lin Yutang adopts translation variations method on the basis of the “Skopos rule”, which not only suits the expressions of the English language but also remains Chinese culture＇s characteristics.