科学构建化工园区安全生产长效机制的关键要素

Key Factors for Establishing Scientific Long-efficiency Work Safety Mechanism in CIPs

针对我国化工园区的发展现状和存在的问题,结合本质安全等现代先进安全管理理念,系统地分析了强化化工园区安全生产长效机制关键要素的手段和措施,为提高化工园区和相关行业的安全管理现状提供了科学依据。指出当前强化园区总体规划和布局论证以及严格执行园区准入制度的重要性;阐明建设项目本质安全化是重要关键所在,应通过在项目构建的不同阶段,分步实施本质安全化设计策略;考虑到园区重大事故多米诺效应概率显著增加,理论研究确定了爆炸和火灾触发多米诺效应的概率和临界距离;特别强调重大危险源的控制和管理是核心问题,提出了园区重大危险源的三级安全管理模式和园区应急资源评估模式。

Aiming at present development status and work safety problems of chemical industry parks （CIPs） in China, tools and measures to strengthen key factors for establishing scientific long-efficiency work safety mechanism were systematically analyzed by combining modem advanced safety management idea such as inherent safety so as to provide scientific proof for the improvement of safety management in CIPs. Firstly, the importance of strengthening CIPs＂ overall plan and layout argument and strictly implementing entrance permission system into CIPs was pointed out. Then, it described that the inherent safety of construction projects was the key to ensure safety, and strategies for inherent safety design should be implemented at different stages of construction projects. Considering the increasing of domino effect in CIPs, the probability and critical distance for domino effect caused by fire ＆ explosion were theoretically studied. Finally, special emphasis was put on the control and management of major hazards in CIPs, and meanwhile, a three-grade safety management mode for major hazards and an emergency resource estimation mode were put forward.