艾米莉·狄金森诗中的“冬天”

Winter in Emily Dickinson's poetry

19世纪美国著名女诗人艾米莉.狄金森,作为和惠特曼齐名的惟一诗人,以其敏锐的观察力、独特的视角对自然进行了描绘,从她的诗中我们可以看出她的复杂的自然观,既有超验主义的成分,又有非超验的成分。从实用主义和现实主义的视角出发,指出冬天的意象在狄金森诗中不仅大量存在,而且是作为一个背景存在;同时指出冬天所具有的特殊的意义,狄金森对冬天的诠释,以及冬天和死亡的关系,冬天和现实的关系,由此来分析狄金森思想中的现实主义因素。

Emily Dickinson, the woman poet, is regarded as famous as Whitman in American literature history. She has complicated point of view of nature and she also has a very keen insight of the nature and life. This paper, an attempt to analyze her nature poems about winter from the perspective of realism and pragmatism, points out that winter imagery is pervasive in Dickinson＇ s poetry. The imagery is consistent in tone but varies in implication and use. Winter is seldom used as a positive or optimistic image beyond the italic power. Its existence is often subdued as it serves as a chilling backdrop or undercurrent to other themes and poems of other seasons. Winter, though, is generally associated with more than just death; it is a harsh reality , a test of endurance of the darkest hours of life. Winter for Dickinson is the obdurate force of reality, hovering behind any leap to transcendence. Winter, for Emily Dickinson＇, is a primary source of her realism.