学生对光的直线传播概念的理解研究

Research on the Students' Understanding of Rectilineal Propagation of Light

以问卷测试和访谈相结合的方法,以高中生和物理专业的大学生为研究对象,就学生在光的直线传播概念的理解进行研究,揭示出学生存在两种典型的错误概念模型:整体模型,学生认为光源发出的光与其形状相同,作为一个整体朝着孔(或光屏)方向传播;适合模型,光源发出的是一系列平行光,从光源顶端和底端发出的光线为这束平行光的边界光线,光屏上出现的图像大小,取决于光源或孔的大小.最后,分析错误概念产生的原因,并提出相应的概念教学建议.

The major methods are diagnostic text and individual interview in the research. After investigate students in middle schools and universities ,the authors discover that the students have difficulties in understanding rectilineal propagation of light. The students mainly have two kinds of misconceptions. One is whole model;light from the source travels as a whole and preferentially in the direction of the holes or screen;the other is fit model： the light from the source is parallel line, the area of the light that casts light on the screen according to the size of the hole. In the final part,the authors analyze why the misconceptions came into being, and give some suggestions to the teaching of the physics concepts.