李渔“结构第一”理论的思路与内涵新探

A New Exploration into the Thinking and Connotation of the Theory of"Structure First"of LI Yu

李渔"结构第一"理论的思路具体体现在七条原则的关系上。这七条原则皆针对"传奇所用之事"立论,论述思路总体上是总分关系,而非并列关系,其中"立主脑"为核心原则,是对总论中"有奇事方有奇文"原则的进一步阐释,其他六条原则皆是这一核心原则的生发。这七条原则所体现的论述思路正应合了李渔的"点血"论和"立主脑"原则的旨意,而事奇、文奇的内涵又表现出了李渔"结构"论的理论渊源,它与此前小说、戏曲批评中所倡导的事奇、文奇原则有着精神上的相通和明显的承续关系。

The thinking in LI Yu＇s theory of ＂structure first＂ embodies the relationship of seven principles. They are all based on the idea of ＂skills of telling legends＂. Generally the thinking reflects the relation between the total and the part, but not of juxtaposition. ＂Setting up the main idea＂ is the core principle, which is a further interpretation of the principle of ＂unusual event leading up to remarkable piece of writing＂ in the whole theory. Other six principles are the further expounding of this core principle. The thinking in these seven principles accords with the purpose of his theory of ＂crucial plot＂ and ＂setting up the main idea＂, while the unusual thing and remarkable writing reflect the theoretical origin of his theory of ＂structure＂, which is similar to the spirit of previous novels and opera criticism with the same principle and retains an obvious successive relationship.