358个乳恒牙窝沟封闭的疗效观察

The effect of pit and fissure sealing on 358 deciduous and permanent teeth

目的：验证窝沟封闭术在儿童第二乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙中的临床防龋效果。方法：随机选取105名3～12岁儿童，其第二乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙无龋病或釉质发育不全等疾病，并随机选取一侧第二乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙进行光固化窝沟封闭为实验组；另侧同名牙不做封闭为对照组，进行1～4年的随访观察。结果：封闭358个牙，4年后复查，第二乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙封闭剂完全保留率分别为45．07％、46．39％，龋齿降低相对有效率分别为65．22％、57．17％（P=0．000），龋牙降低实际有效率分别为21．13％、12．05％（P=0．000），实验组患龋率18．31％、16．87％，明显低于对照组50．70％、44．58％（P〈0．05）。结论：窝沟封闭能有效地预防窝沟龋的发生，是目前预防窝沟龋的较好方法之一。

AIM： To verify the clinical effect of pit and fissure sealing for children against the caries on the second deciduous molar and the sixth - year molar. METHODS： One hundred and five children were randomly chosen into the clinical observation. The including criterias were the children aged 3 - 12 whose second deciduous and sixth - year molars had no dental caries or enamel aplasia. In an arch of dentition, the second deciduous and sixth - year molar in one side was the sealing group while isonym tooth in another side was the control group. All cases were then followed up for 1 to 4 years. RESULTS ： After the 4th year re - check , of 358 sealed second deciduous molar and sixth -year molars, the complete retention rates of the sealant were 45.07 % and 46. 39% respectively; the relative decreases in dental caries were 65.22% and 57.17% （ P = 0.000） respectively, the actual decreases in dental caries were 21.13 % and 12.05% （ P = 0.000） respectively, and the caries rates in the experimental group were 18.31% and 16. 87% respectively, while in the control group 50.70% and 44.58 % （ P 〈 0.05 ） respectively. CONCLUSION： The pit and fissure sealing technology can prevent effectively from the occurrence of caries in the pit and fissure, and is a good approach to prevent from dental caries.