真空冷冻干燥的现状与展望(一)

Today and tomorrow of vacuum freeze-drying technology

本文从真空冷冻干燥的理论、设备、工艺和应用几个方面介绍其发展的历史和现状,讨论未来的发展趋势。现代真空冷冻干燥理论研究的重点是微纳尺度和超常传热传质;设备的发展方向是连续式冻干设备和过程控制的自动化;工艺研究重点应该是被冻干物料的热物性参数和冻干保护剂;应用前景在于生物材料,金属及陶瓷微粉的工业化生产。

Discusses the present situation and developmental trend of vacuum freeze-drying technology in view of the relevant theories, equipment required, processes and applications. Theoreticaally the focuses of attention are the micro/nano-sized materials and supernormal heat/mass transfer. The developmental trend of equipment is the continuous freeze-drying system and automation of process control. As to the process technology, what are required include how to make the thermophysical parameters of the materials to be freeze-dried more complete and providing better protectants to them. The prospects for the applications of vacuum freeze-drying technology lie in the industrialized production of biomaterials and ceramic micropowder.