西安某鸡场全封闭式成年蛋鸡舍防暑防寒问题的研究

Study on Averting Heat and Cold in Laying Hen Houses With no Window in Xian

本研究以西安市某机械化养鸡场成年蛋鸡舍为对象，通过对舍内小气候的测定和实际生产资料的分析，探讨西安地区无窗成年蛋鸡舍的防暑防寒问题。对８个鸡群的实际生产资料分析表明，舍温高于２７℃，鸡群死亡率升高，产蛋率下降，蛋重减轻，鸡蛋破损率升高；舍温低于１３℃，对产蛋率有不良影响，而蛋重、死亡率和鸡蛋破损率变化不一。因此，认为在生产条件下，成年蛋鸡的适宜温度范围为１３－２７℃。通过对鸡舍外维护结构的热工计算和鸡舍通风情况的分析，说明了造成无窗鸡舍夏季过热、冬季过冷的原因，并提出了西安地区无窗成年鸡舍防暑防寒的具体方案和措施。

The materials used in the present study was obtained from the laying hen houses without window.The chief purpose of the reseach is to discuss the problems of averting heat and cold in the poutry houses in Xian area by measurement of the house’s micro climates and analysis of the laying hen’ s productive datum.Analysis done on the practical productive datum of 8 hen colonies in the farm show that egglaying rate and egg weight decrease,but egg-breaking rate and hen mortality increase when the temperature is above 27℃;that egg-laying rate decreases,but hen mortality,egg weight and breaking rate change differently when the temperature is below 13℃.Hence the suitable temperature range in the laying hen houses is considered to 13-27℃ under the production conditions.The paper states the main cause leading to heat in summer and cold in winter in the laying hen houses with no window through calculating heat insulate capability of the enclosure structures of the laying hen houses and analyzing ventilation, and suggests the measures of averting heat and cold in the light of the cause stated above.