文学艺术自律——西方唯美主义批评的一个诗学主题

On Self-Discipline of Literary Art

文学艺术自律是唯美主义批评的一个诗学主题。唯美主义批评划定文学艺术活动的独特区域、确立文学艺术的独立性地位,遵循的大致是这样一种逻辑线路:把文学艺术划归为康德所说的"纯粹美"领域,进而从文学艺术不同于功利与道德训诫,文学艺术不同于对世界的认识,文学艺术的本质存在于文学的形式、感官的印象之中三个方面对文学活动的独特性进行界定,从而在人的生命活动这一总的共同的层面上,划界出文学艺术活动的独特区域。

Self-discipline of literary arts is one of the poetic themes of esthetic criticism. Esthetic criticism, while delimiting the unique scope of literary activities and ascertaining the unique status of literary art, followed such a logic line： by including literary art in the ＂pure esthetics＂ as defined by E. Kant, the uniqueness of literary activities is delimited in three aspects： literary art different from utility and morals sermon, literary art different from the understanding of the world, and the essence of literary expressed in the literary forms and sensual impressions. Furthermore, at the shared level of human activities, the unique scope of literary activities is delimited.