不同施肥制度下冀东褐土肥力演化的主成分分析

Principal Components Analysis of Cinnamon Soil Fertility Evolution under the Different Fertilization System in the East of Hebei Province

以冀东褐土为试材,采用主成分分析方法对连续8年不同施肥制度定位试验土壤的肥力演化进行了研究。结果表明,不同施肥制度下作物产量、土壤物理性质、土壤有机碳及氮磷钾养分含量与组成、土壤酶活性等变化各异,冀东褐土肥力演化方向可用土壤养分贮备和供应过程与无机磷积累和无效化过程表征,不施肥使土壤养分贮备和供应极度匮乏;单施常量NPK化肥和增量NPK化肥造成土壤无机磷无效化过程强烈;有机肥(物)料配施化肥则可使土壤肥力向养分贮备丰富、供应水平高和快速、无机磷有效化程度较高的方向发展。

With the principal component analysis method soil fertility evolution was studied in cinnamon soil. The results of successive 8 years located experiment showed that, under the different fertilizer systems the changes of crop yield, soil physical property, soil organic carbon, content and composition of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and soil enzyme activity and so on were different. The evolution direction of soil fertility could be expressed by the storage and supply of soil nutrient and the inorganic phosphorus accumulation and the invalidation process. With no application fertilizer the soil nutrient storage and supply were extremely scarce. The soil inorganic phosphorus invalidation process was deepened by application the constant NPK fertilizers and the increment NPK fertilizers. Combined application of organic matter and fertilizer could improve soil fertility level, and make storage richer, supply better, and inorganic phosphorus more effective.