宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄基地土壤酶活性

Enzyme Activity of Wine Grape Planting Soil in the East-foot of Helan Mountain of Ningxia

调查了宁夏御马酿酒葡萄基地不同栽培年限下土壤的蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶的活性,并与土壤的基本理化性质进行了回归分析。结果表明,供试土壤为强碱性反应,耕作施肥对土壤pH和全盐含量影响不显著;土壤有机质、全氮、铵态氮、速效磷、阳离子代换量大都处于最低的六级水平,但肥力随耕种年限的延长显著增加;随栽培年限的延长,表层土壤磷酸酶活性、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性显著增加;蔗糖酶、脲酶活性随剖面深度的加深而显著减小;表土过氧化氢酶活性随栽培年限的延长而显著下降,但不同土地利用下表层以下各层次土壤过氧化氢酶活性总体上高于表层,且差异显著。磷酸酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、缓效钾、速效钾之间存在着极显著相关关系;磷酸酶活性、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、缓效钾、速效钾之间存在着极显著相关关系;四种酶之间,磷酸酶与脲酶之间存在极显著相关关系,脲酶与蔗糖酶之间存在极显著相关关系。由此表明,磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性的大小可以代表宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄栽培区土壤肥力的高低。

Invertase, phosphatase, urease, and catalase activities were investigated under different planting conditions in the East-foot of Helan mountain of Ningxia. Regression was used to analyze the relation between the enzymes activity and soil physio-chemical properties. The results indicated that the investigated soil had strong alkaline reaction, but pH and total salts were insignificantly affected by cultivation and fertilization. Low levels of organic matter, total N, available N, available P and cation exchange capacity were observed. However, their contents were increased along with prolonged cultivation years. Phosphatase, invertase and urease activities were significantly increased in the surface layer along with increasing planting time, but their activities were decreased in deep soil layers. An opposite trends was observed for catalase. Significant positive correlation was found between phosphatase, urease and invertase activity and organic matter, total N, total P, available P and available K. Significant positive correlation between phosphatase and urease as well as between urease and invertase was also observed. Therefore, it could conclude that phosphatase, urease, and invertase activity could be used as indicators for evaluating the fertility of wine grape planting soil in the East-foot of Helan mountain of Ningxia.