茶园土壤中有机氯杀虫剂的残留状况研究

Studies on Residues of Organochloride Pesticides in Soil of Tea Garden

2004年5月和6月采集了安徽、江苏、湖南、湖北省5个茶园的38个土壤表层样品,利用ASE萃取技术,使用GC/MS方法测定了样品中的六氯苯、氯丹、总滴滴涕(DDE、DDD和DDT)、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、七氯和灭蚁灵等八种有机氯杀虫剂。5个茶园的六氯苯、总滴滴涕的检出率都为97.4%,是茶园土壤中普遍存在的两类持久性有机污染物(POPs)。艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、七氯等未检出。总有机氯杀虫剂含量平均为17.4!g kg-1,总滴滴涕占总有机氯杀虫剂含量的97.9%,是茶园土壤中有机氯杀虫剂残留的主要成分。六氯苯的残留量很低,没有对茶园土壤质量造成危害。

38 soil samples of Tea gardens were collected in Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan, and Hubei provinces during May to June in 2004. The samples were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction （ASE）. Using GC/MS, 8 kinds＂ of Organochloride pesticides were analyzed. Compounds were comprised Hexachlorobenzene （HCB）, Chlordane, ΣDDT （DDD, DDE and DDT） Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor and Mirex. Detection ratio of HCB and ΣDDT were 97.4 percent. While, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin and Heptachlor were less than the quantification limit in all samples. The total amounts of organochloride pesticides were 17.4μg kg^-1.ΣDDT was the primary compound in soil samples, in 97.9% of the total organochloride pesticides. The concentration of HCB was so low that made little harm to soils in all tea garden.