金属氧化锌避雷器（MOA）的在线监测及故障诊断

Online Monitoring of Metal Zinc Oxide Arrester （MOA） and Its Fault Diagnosis

MOA阀片温度上升，严重时将导致MOA损坏或爆炸，引发大面积停电事故。因此，监测其运行状态非常重要。MOA的在线监测方法中全电流法、三次谐波法、谐波补偿法和基波法各有弊益，同时需重视2个干扰源：电压波动的影响和间谐波的影响。在诊断中，MOA泄漏电流的阻性分量是其运行状况的良好指标，利用模拟信号法时．交流电网中即使不需要任何电压信号也可以进行测量．此方法值得推荐监测现有避雷器的劣化：阀片温度能精确地显示避雷器的运行参数，能为避雷器的电气老化、工作电压和暂态过电压下的功耗提供详细信息，避免发生热崩溃，及时释放避雷器能量。温度监测有望成为避雷器监测的标准方法。

Valve temperature rise may damage MOA or cause explosion resulting in large blackout. Therefore, it is very important to monitor its operating condition. Among current online MOA monitoring methods, such as current method, 3rd harmonic method, harmonic compensation method, and base harmonic method, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. They must consider 2 sources of interference at same time, which are the effects of voltage fluctuation and interim harmonics. In fault diagnosis, resistive component of MOA leaking current is an indicator of normal operation, when analog signal method is used, it can be measured even when voltage signals are absent in AC grid, this approach is suitable for monitoring current arrester degradation. Valve temperature precisely indicates operation parameters of arrester, providing detailed information for arrester electric aging, and power consumption under working voltage and transient over-voltages, as well as avoiding thermal collapse and releasing energy in time. Temperature monitoring is expected to become standard method of arrester monitoring.