太平洋国际学会与东北问题--中、日学会的交锋

The Institute of Pacific Relations and the Northeast China Issue:the China and Japan Branches Cross Swords

太平洋国际学会是第一次世界大战后由亚太地区民间团体组成的一个旨在维护国际秩序的非政府组织。20世纪20年代末30年代初,该组织分别召开京都会议和上海会议,就中国东北问题进行了激烈论争。日本学会从狭隘的民族主义出发,遏制中国学会的积极活动,为日本的侵略政策辩解,并为之提供"理论依据",成为日本政府的御用工具。中国学会为维护民族独立和国家主权,有理、有利、有节地与其进行了针锋相对的斗争,使会议成为"无硝烟的战场"和中日国联大论战的预演。会议虽未就东北问题达成共识,但对国际舆论产生了重要影响。

The Institute of Pacific Relations was a non-governmental organization established by civilian groups in the Asia-Pacific region after World War I with an aim to maintain international order.From the late 1920s to the early 1930s,the organization held conferences in Kyoto and Shanghai,where they fiercely debated over the issue of Northeast China.Taking a narrowly nationalistic stance,the Japan Institute suppressed the proactive activities of the China Institute.By defending Japan's aggressive policy and providing a 'theoretical justification' for it,the Japan Institute became an instrument of the Japanese government.In order to defend national independence and sovereignty,the China Institute fought the Japan Institute blow-for-blow,justly,effectively and with dignity.The conferences became 'battlefields without gunpowder smoke' and a preview of the big debates between China and Japan in League of Nations.Though the conferences did not reach a common consensus to the issue of Northeast China,they did exert an important influence on international public opinion.