秸秆发电项目的政府优惠政策选择

Government Preferential Policies Research for the Electricity Generation by Crop Straws

秸秆发电是将秸秆作为燃料替代煤资源发电的一种能源替代模式,中国利用政府补贴鼓励其发展的力度不足。基于安徽宿州2×12MW秸秆发电和河南新乡2×600MW火力发电项目的可行性报告,测算比较分析了秸秆和火力发电的财务指标、内部成本和外部成本,并通过敏感性分析发现秸秆发电对发电时间和静态投资更敏感,指出政府应落实对秸秆发电项目的上网优惠。在目前火电外部成本完全外推给社会的情况下,为使秸秆发电实现和火电投资相同的收益率,测算给出对秸秆发电的补贴应从现有的0.25元/KW h上调至0.388元/KW h,这与没有采用脱硫装置的火电的外部成本相当,同时,基于2004年中国能源投入占用产出表,测算出秸秆电价的这一变化对其他部门的影响很小,对居民消费指数的影响仅为0.0013%,可为政府制定相关优惠政策提供参考。

The electricity generation by crop straws is a new energy alternative mode by the use of straw as power fuel instead of the coal, but the power of using government subsidies to encourage its development in China is still insufficient. Based on feasibility reports of 2× 12MW units of Suzhou straw power generation project in Anhui Province and 2 × 600MW units of Xinxiang thermal power project in Henan Province, this paper has compared financial indicators, internal and external costs between straw and thermal power generation projects, pointing out that the government should put into practice the on-line preferential policy of the straw power generation project for its sensitivity to generating time and static investment. To achieve the same rate of return as the thermal power project, the government subsidies given to the straw power generation project should be raised from the existing 0.25 yuan / KWh to 0. 388 yuan / KWh, which is close to external costs of the thermal power generation without the desulfurization equipment which is completely put on the society. This paper also has worked out that the above adjustment will have quite small impact on other departments and the CPI will increase only 0. 0013% based on 2004 China energy input-occupation-output table to provide reference for the government in formulating relevant policies.