东北地区农牧交错带的产生与可持续发展

Production and Sustainable Development in the Interlacing Agricultural and Pastoral Areas in Northeast China

东北地区农牧交错地带脆弱的生态环境严重影响着人与自然的和谐持续发展。蒙古族、达斡尔族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族定居东北为农牧交错地带的形成提供了可能;金国、蒙古汗国、元朝、明朝、后金至清初汉族农民的不断迁入促进了农牧交错地带的形成;至清末民初,生态脆弱的农牧交错地带基本形成,并开始影响人们的生产生活。现在,只有正确认识生态环境面临的问题,处理好农、林、牧,资源、经济的关系,才能使生态环境走上可持续发展的道路。

The fragile ecological environment in the interlacing agricultural and pastoral areas in Northeast China has a great effect on the harmonious and sustainable development of nature and man. Some ethnic groups such as Mongolians, Daurs, Ewenkis, Oroqens settled down in Northeast China and made the formation of the interlacing zones become possible. What＇s more, farmers and peasants from Jin Dynasty, Mongohanguo, Yuan dynasty, Ming dynasty, and from the end of Jin dynasty to early Qing dynasty constantly moved into the areas which hastened the original formation of the areas and affected people＇s production and life. Now, only when we understand the problems the ecological environment brings to us, well deal with the relationship among agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, resources as well as economy may the ecological environment stay in a good and sustainable condition.