试论1927～1937年南京国民政府的科技政策

On the Science and Technology Policy of Nanjing National Government During 1927 to 1937

1927～1937年间，南京国民政府采取了一系列措施为科技发展提供政策上的支持和财政上的保障，主要内容有：一是加大对科研的支持和投入，设立中央和地方研究机构，鼓励和支持民间开办研究机构，使科学研究有了体制上的保障。二是发展科技教育，学校教育从政策到实践都向科技领域倾斜。三是制定科技奖惩制度，奖励工业技术的发明和创新。这些措施构成了南京国民政府的科技政策，成了推动科技发展的关键因素。

Nanjing National government took a series of measures to provide the science and technology development. Firstly, the government enlarged the scientific research support and investment; the government set up the central and local scientific research institutions, supported the folk research organizations. Secondly, the government developed science and technology education. Thirdly, the government formulated the science and technology rewards and punishments systems, and rewarded industrial technology invention and innovation. These measures were key factors to promote development of science and technology.