归化和异化两种翻译策略及其在《红楼梦》两个英译本中的运用

Domestication and Foreignization and their Application in Two English Versions of "A Dream of Red Mansions"

从文化的涵义,语言、文化和翻译的关系出发,提出归化和异化两种文化翻译策略。归化指以目的语文化为归宿的翻译策略;异化指以源语文化为归宿的翻译策略。并从跨文化翻译的角度对中国古典文学名著《红楼梦》的两个英译本中的文化因素进行研究,包括生态文化、语言文化、宗教文化、物质文化以及社会文化五个方面。根据译者目的和目标读者的不同,杨宪益主要运用异化翻译,而霍克斯主要运用归化翻译。

Beginning with the definition of culture and the relationship between language, culture and translation, this paper brings up two cultural translation strategies： domestication and foreignization. Domestication refers to target-language-cukure-oriented translation; foreignization is source-language-culture-oriented translation. Then the author focuses on the different translation strategies employed by the translators to deal with cultural elements of two translation versions of ＂ A Dream of Red Mansions＂ . The comparison and analysis are conducted within the framework of five subcultures： ecological culture, linguistic culture, religious culture, material culture and social cukure. According to their different translation purposes and target readers, Yang Xianyi prefers to apply foreignization, while David Hawkes mainly applies domestication.