侗族空间聚落与资源配置的田野调查

The Fieldwork on Dong Nationality Settlement and Resources Setting

一个民族的聚落就是特定的文化空间。聚落总是以特定民族的文化逻辑进行配置的。从我们对阳烂村的田野调查发现,村落是以家族为载体,村落中的鼓楼是家族成员活动的中心,形成以鼓楼为中心的家族—村寨;而围绕家族—村寨的四周的住屋、坟山、水井、水田、鱼塘、凉亭、溪流、神林、山地等构成要素,则是按照侗族的文化逻辑而有序化的配置,将自然资源、地方性制度和信仰体系一体化,通过它们有效地维护并实现了社区的发展。

A settlement of a nation is a specific space of culture; it is always set by the cultural logic of a particular nation. According to the fieldwork on Yanglan Village, a village presents a big family and the drum tower is the activity center for the family members. That is, the drum tower becomes the vital part of the village for the family, around which there are houses, tombs, wells, watering fields, fish pools, streams and forests. And all these setting are not only ordered by the cultural logic of Dong nationality, and also combined well with natural resources and local regulations as well as the system of belief, which effectively helps the development.