1957～1980年的马来西亚民族关系

A Perspective into the Evolution of Malaysia’s Ethnic Relations from 1957 to 1980

在马来西亚，民族关系一直是个敏感的话题。独立前夕，马来亚的民族关系日趋紧张。由于马来人的民族意识日趋强烈，马、华、印三大民族的民族主义情绪高涨，民族之间甚至发生激烈的对抗和流血冲突。在争取公民权和民族语言地位的问题上，马来人与非马来人几乎针锋相对。独立后的一段时期，马来（西）亚④的民族关系不仅没有缓和，反而更趋紧张，民族矛盾更趋明朗化，民族冲突和摩擦时有发生。表面看来，这是英国人的撤离所导致。

Ethnic relations remain a sensitive topic in Malaysia. The evolution of the Ethnic relations in Malaysia has experienced three phases： preindependent period, postindependent period to 1980s, and 1990s till now. For historical reasons, the ethnic relations in Malaysia show different characteristics in different phases. Based on the characteristics of different phases, the essay attempts to analyze the hidden factors causing the complexity of the national relations in Malaysia. Based on analyzing the Malaysia ethnic relations from, 1957 to 1990 and taking it as an example, this article attempts to analyze the hidden factors causing the complexity of the national relations in Malaysia.