神经递质转运体的研究进展

Advancement on Neurotransmitter Transporters

近年来，一种位于突触前膜、囊泡膜及神经胶质细胞膜上的糖蛋白——神经递质转运体，逐渐成为神经科学界研究的热点。它们能高选择性地与突触间的递质相结合，将递质运回细胞内，从而终止递质在细胞间的传递，并进而参与突触间信息的调控。有关神经递质转运体的研究国内尚未见报道。本文仅就近年来国外有关方面的研究概况，从分子结构、分型、研究方法、分布、功能、调节因素、基因调控、以及研究焦点和尚待解决的问题等诸方面做一综述。

The neurotransmitter transporter(NTT),a kind of glycoprotein situating on the presynaptic membrane,glial membrane,or vesicle membrane,has become the focusing point of neuroscience research in recent years.They could combine selectively with transmitters released into synaptic cleft and carry them back into cells to aid the termination of synaptic transmission.In this way,NTT took an important part in modulation of information between neurons.Study on NTT has not been reported domestically.This article reviewed recent studies on molecular stucture,classification,study methods,distribution,function,modulating factors and gene modulation, focus of study and also unresolved problems of NTT.