出土古玉器的料色和沁色辨析

Research on Material Colour and Soak-induced Colour of Unearthed Ancient Jade

通过分析古玉器的颜色来鉴别、评估古玉器是古玉器鉴定研究中的一项重要内容。出土古玉器的颜色成因是多方面的,既有玉料本身具有的颜色(作者称之为料色),它由玉石中所含致色元素的成分和质量分数决定;又有玉料被加工成器后因埋藏与周围介质发生作用而变化的颜色(即沁色)。在鉴定实践中不少的鉴定者将玉器的料色误定为沁色。以和田玉为例试图通过玉器的颜色与玉器雕琢纹饰之间的关系来辨别料色与沁色。

It is an important content in the identification research on the ancient jade wares through study the colour of the wares. The colour of the unearthed ancient jade ware is caused by the factors： （1）the colour of itself, which is called the material colour of jade by the author. It is determined by the components and the content of the colour-causing elements in the jade; （2）the colour of some jades which are fashioned into the jade articles are buried in soil and then they act with the medium around. So it is called soak-induced colour. In the identification practice, the colours of the jade materials are mistaken to soak-induced colour. The Hetian jade is taken for an example in the article to identify the material colour and soakinduced colour through the relationship between the colour and the carved grains on jade.