农村二胎产妇心理健康状况调查

Investigations of mental health status of rural second birth parturients

目的探讨农村二胎产妇的心理健康状况。方法对农村24名二胎孕产妇和64名一胎孕产妇采用症状自评量表评定心理健康状况,并与国内常模进行对比分析;采用自拟调查问卷对两组产妇产前、产后最担心的问题进行测查分析。结果两组产妇产前、产后症状自评量表总分、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖、强迫因子分均高于常模,二胎组均高于一胎组(P<0.01～0.05)。一胎组最担心的问题如:分娩过程本身、产后哺乳、产妇身体恢复情况的发生率显著高于二胎组(P<0.01),且多与生育的生理性因素密切相关;二胎组最担心孩子性别、家庭经济负担等发生率显著高于一胎组(P<0.01),且多与社会性问题密切相关。结论农村孕产妇存在诸多的心理问题,二胎孕产妇更为突出,其原因主要为产科以外的社会问题,应值得重视。

Objective To explore the mental health status of rural second birth parturients. Methods Assessments of mental health status were conducted with Symptom Checklist-90 in 24 rural second birth parturients and 64 first birth ones and compared with national norms; ante- and post-partum most anxious problem was measured with the Self-made Questionnaire in the two groups. Results Ante- and post-partum total SCL-90 score and scores of anxiety, deoression, phobia, obsession of both groups were higher than those of national norm,and those of the second birth group higher than of the first（P〈0.01-0.05）. Incidences of the most anxious problems such as labour process itself, post-partum nursing and parturients＇ body recovery status were significantly higher in the first than in the second birth group（P〈0.01） and closely related to generational physio-factors;those of child gender and family economy burden were significantly higher in the second than in the first birth group（P〈0.01） and closely related to social problems. Conclussion Rural gravida and parturient have a lot of psychoproblems,especially second birth parturient, causes are mainly social problems beyond obstetrics and should be paid attention to.