普适型结构式摘要探讨

A Proposal on General Purpose Structural Abstracts.

科技论文的结构式摘要自提出应用以来,其结构形式尚未统一。为探讨建立一种普遍适用的结构式摘要,以促进其推广应用,对现行几种主要的结构式摘要,从其与科技论文 IMRD 格式的对应关系进行比较。分析认为,现行的几种结构式摘要在结构形式和内容要求上互有长短。在综合比较的基础上,提出了较为直观简洁,且独立自明的普适型结构式摘要,包括目的背景、对象方法、主要结果和最后结论四个结构部分。应用示例表明,该式适用于采用 IMRD 格式及内含 IMRD 格式要素的科技论文。

Structured(Structural)abstract for scientific and technical articles was proposed in 1987 and has evolut- ed into different patterns during the past years.To promote the wide applications of structural abstracts by establishing a universal pattern,a detailed comparison is made between the existing patterns of structural ab- stracts and the current IMRD(Introduction-Methods-Results-Discussion)pattern,and results show that the existing patterns have their own advantages in structure and content,respectively.A consise pat- tern of general purpose structural abstract with more advantages is proposed in this paper,which is com- posed of Objective and Background,Subjects and Methods,Main Results,and Ultimate Conclusions.Ap- plications prove that it is suitable for the scientific and technical papers both in explict and implicit IMRD pat- terns.