用SSR标记分析广西香稻与南亚香稻的遗传多样性

Assessment of genetic diversity of aromatic rice(Oryza sativa) from Guangxi and South Asia by using SSR markers

利用16对分布于水稻12条染色体上的SSR引物分析78份来自南亚的香稻资源和18份广西种植的香稻的遗传多样性。结果表明：在南亚的香稻资源中，每对引物检测到的等位基因数为3～13个，平均每个位点的等位基因数为5．31个，广西的香稻资源中，每对引物检测到等位基因数2～9个，平均每个位点的等位基因数为3．44个；南亚香稻资源平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0．55，广西香稻资源平均PIC为0．41；南亚香稻资源平均基因多样性（Hs）为0．60，广西香稻资源平均Hs为0．47；说明了南亚香稻资源比广西香稻资源具有更为丰富的遗传多样性。聚类结果表明，大部分的南亚香稻资源或大部分的广西香稻资源各自聚为一类，说明大部分南亚和广西的香稻种质资源存在遗传差异性和地理远缘性。

Genetic diversity was assessed by using 16 rice microsatellite markers. The 96 rice genotypes used in this study included 78 aromatic rice genotypes from South Asia and 18 aromatic rice genotypes from Guangxi. A total of 85 and 55 alleles were present in South Asia and Guangxi aromatic rice at the 16 SSR loci respectively. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 13 and from 2 to 9,with an average of 5.31 and 3.44 respectively,polymorphism information content （PIC） values ranged from 0. 171 to 0. 872 and from 0. 099 to 0.765 ,with an average of 0. 55 and 0. 41, average genetic multiplicity index （Hs） values ranged from 0.184 to 0. 884 and from 0. 105 to 0.792,with an average of 0.60 and 0.47. The results indicated genetic diversity was higher in aromatic rice germplasm from South Asia than that from Guangxi. The cluster analysis indicated that most of aromatic rice germplasm from South Asia or from Guangxi could be obviously confined to one cluster respectively. And the genetic and geographical difference lied between aromatic rice germplasm from South Asia and Guangxi.