金佛山自然保护区蕨类植物资源与区系初步研究

Preliminary study on the fern resource and flora in Jinfo Mountain

金佛山自然保护区共计有野生蕨类植物46科107属458种（含亚种和变种）。在科的区系成分中单种科14个，少型科（2～5种）16个，多种科（包含6～19种）12个，大科（20～49种）1个，特大科（50种以上）3个，分别占金佛山蕨类植物总科数的30．43％、34．78％、26．09％、2．17％和6．53％；其中热带分布占总科数的54．35％；在属的区系成分中，具12个分布区类型，单种属和少种属数量多；热带成分丰富，包含55属，占总属数的51．40％；特有现象明显，地方特有种十分丰富；属的区系与武陵山和大巴山关系最为密切，与九华山、化龙山、齐云山和云山关系疏远；东亚分布、世界广布、热带亚洲至热带非洲问断分布及北温带分布型对该区系性质的影响最大，热带亚洲分布型和东亚北美间断分布型的影响最小；该区系具有古老、孑遗和原始性等特点，验证了金佛山地区处于我国三大特有现象中心之一的鄂西川东特有现象中心的观点。

Jinfo Mountain locates at the south of Chongqing, belongs to the subtropical humid monsoon climate areas. The fern flora in this mountain is very abundant,which is about 458 species （including varieties and subspecies） represent 107 genera and 46 families, a few of those are precious plants. There are 14 monotypic families, 16 minor-species families （between 2 to 5 species）, 12 multi-species families （including 6 to 19 species）, 1 macrospecies family （in- cluding 20 to 49 species） and 3 extra-species families,occupied 30.43% ,34.78% ,26.09% ,2.17% and 6.53% of the total family number of fern in this Mountain respectively. About 54.35% of the family of fern are tropical species, the distribution patterns of genera are classified into 12 types and most of those are monotypic or minor-species genera. The topical character is enrich with 55 genera,which is about 51.40% of the mountain. At the same time, the fern flora is arohaic, relic and pristine ,Endemism is notable. It is closely related with the Wuling Mountain and Daba Mountain in fern area of gennera, and distant with that of Jiuhua Mountain, Hualong Mountain, Qiyun Mountain and Yun Mountain. The distributing model of East Asia,cosmopolitan and the north temperate zone and the disconnected distribution from Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa affect the character of fern flora of Jinfo mountain at most,and that of tropic Asia and those between east Asia and north America affect least. So it is consistent with the opinion that East Sichuan and Western Hubei Province is one of the three endemic centers in China and Jinfo Mountains is located at this center.