“天下皆说先生是禅学”:陆九渊与禅学

"All the People Say You Are a Zenist": Lu Jiuyuan and Zen

陆九渊十分熟悉佛教之说,与禅僧交往比较密切,心学思想体现出明显的禅学特征。他反对佛教的祈福功能,主张为学应如禅学明心见性般简易直接、直契本心。在接引弟子时,陆九渊往往采取禅宗高僧式的直契学者本性,使其顿悟本心凡圣不异、人人不异。陆九渊借用了禅学的观念、禅僧的机锋和作风,用于发展自己的思想学说,提出与程朱理学不同的学术思想、学术理路,这是对儒学的发展。应该具体分析陆九渊思想中的各种知识因素,探讨禅学在其思想发展中所起的作用,才不会陷于一种简单和武断的判断。

Lu Jiuyuan, who was very familiar with Buddhism, had close contact with Zen Buddhists. His ideological system was characterized by a clear presence of Zen. Opposing the blessing-praying function of Buddhism, he proposed that academic learning should be clear and direct, which he imparted into his teaching. He borrowed the ideas of Zen, and the edge and style of Zen Buddhists to develop his own ideological philosophy. He pushed forward the development of Confucianism by putting forward academic thoughts and methods different from the Chen and Zhu schools of Confucianism. It is necessary to analyze the elements in Lu＇s ideology and explore the function of Zen in his ideological development so as not to fall into the trap of simple and arbitrary judgment.