《2007年内罗毕国际残骸清除公约》的通过对我国的影响及其实施对策

Influence of adoption of Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks,2007 on China and its implementation policy

基于《2007年内罗毕国际残骸清除公约》(以下简称《公约》)的通过,从《公约》基本框架及其特点,结合我国现行船舶残骸清除方面的法律、法规以及制度现状,分析《公约》给我国未来沿海水域残骸清除、航运业以及海事管理带来的影响,提出我国为履行《公约》在残骸清除方面的立法、实施、制度建设和相关部门履行职责的对策,建议:(1)做好清除残骸的立法工作;(2)在保赔协会、商业保险商和船舶所有人中大力推行船舶残骸清除强制保险制度;(3)加强我国沿海海测和航标队伍的装备建设和管理;(4)加强国际航行船舶进出口岸的管理工作;(5)对于国内航行船舶,可以考虑逐步推行船舶残骸清除强制保险制度.

With the adoption of Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007 （ hereinafter referred to as the Convention） , the influence of the Convention on the removal of wrecks in Chinese coastal waters is studied by analyzing the framework and features of the Convention and probing the existing Chinese laws and regulations on the removal of wrecks. The policies of legislation on removal of wrecks, implementation, establishment of instruments and related parties to undertake their responsibilities are also discussed. The following suggestions are given ： （ 1 ） the process of national legislation on removal of wrecks shall be well-done, （2） the progress of introducing compulsory insurance with respect of removal of wrecks within the P＆I clubs and commercial insurers shall be facilitated, （3） the equipment and management of hydrographic survey and aids to navigation in Chinese coastal waters shall be improved, （4） the administration of the ships engaged in international voyages entering and exiting Chinese ports shall be reinforced, （5） attempts can be carried out in applying compulsory insurance on wrecks removal to the ships engaged in national voyages step by step.