从元稹、白居易、李端诗看《西凉伎》在唐代的发展

The development of Xi Lianng Ji in the Tang Dynasty in term of poems written by Yuan Zhen,Bai Juyi and Li Duan

《西凉伎》乃中唐之全能剧,目前见诸史籍,有关《西凉伎》的记载,要数元稹、白居易、李端诗中对《西凉伎》的描绘,从三位诗人诗中的记栽来看,《西凉伎》在唐代的发展经历了三个阶段:由最初的音乐即《西凉乐》,结合《狮舞》、《胡腾舞》,乃《西凉伎》发展的第一阶段,即元稹诗所述。后有人就所演《西凉伎》,删去《狮舞》,专就《胡腾》舞发展,而注入路断思乡之情,同一题材,进一步改编,由歌舞而发展为歌舞剧,乃《西凉伎》发展的第二阶段,即李端诗所述。及有心人复用旧伎,增加情节,还入《狮舞》,而益就狮子生情,专以讽刺封疆,此题材再度改编,由《胡腾》歌舞剧而进入全能剧,乃《西凉伎》发展的第三阶段,即白居易诗所述。

Xi Liang Ji was an all - round drama of the Tang Dynasty, which was described in the poems written by Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi and Li Duan. According to their description, its development underwent three stages ： in the first stage,combination of the early music Xi Liang Ji with Lion Dance and Hu Teng Dance which was described by Yuan Zhen in hbis poems, in the second stage, deletion of Li- on Dance and development of Hu Teng into the singing and dancing drama with homesick feeling, which was described by Li Bai in his poems, in the third stage, increase of plot in Lion Dance to satire the provincial governors and adapting singing and dancing drama of Hu Teng into all - round drama, which was described by Bai Juyi in his poems.