国家渗透与乡村过滤:昌黎县侯家营文书所见

State Infiltration and Country Filtration:Concluded from Houjiaying Writs in Changli County

在河北省昌黎县侯家营村发现的集体化时代村级文书资料,涉及村内政治、经济、文化活动等丰富的内容,展示了国家权力与农民社会相互碰撞的具体场景。侯家营文书中的大量例证表明,在20世纪后半期的中国乡村,国家权力控制了村民经济、社会生活的方方面面,以阶级斗争话语等为代表的官方意识已渗透到基层乡村,已然占据了话语霸权的地位。但是同时,国家权威在乡村社会也不是没有边界,也常有政策愿望落空、陷入困境及遭遇反讽的时候。面对国家的强制性压力和渗透,乡村社会的传统、习惯一直用融合、再造、过滤等方式加以对应。

The village writs found in Houjiaying Village, Changli County, Hebei Province, concerning abundant contents such as the politics, economy and culture activities of the village during collectivized ages, indicated the idiographic scene of mutual impact between state power and farmer society. Numerous illustrations of the village indicate that state power controlled various aspects of villager＇ s economy and social living, and the official consciousness of class warfare infiltrated into grass-roots of the country and held words hegemony during the later of the 20th century in country of China. However, it was not true that state authority had no boundary in rural society. Frequently, the desirability of official policy gone by the board, got into lurch and encountered irony. Confronted with state coercive pressure and infiltration, the traditions and customs of rural society underwent the process of merging, re-molding and filtration.