试论清末民初国家主义教育思潮及其影响

Influence and Ideological Trend of Nationalist Education in Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

作为近代中国教育思潮的一种,国家主义教育思潮最早出现在清末,"五四"后至20世纪20年代达到鼎盛,其标志是出现了专门的教育团体——国家教育协会和专门的学派——国家主义教育派。清末民初国家主义教育思潮的兴起与发展,从内因上看是受民族危机的刺激,外因上看则是受日本和欧美同类思潮的影响。该思潮对清末民初中国教育,特别是对当时的收回教育权运动,产生了重要影响。

As one of the idological trends in modern China, the initial emergence of that of nationalist education was at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and after the May 4th Movement it went on till its great prosperity in 1920s. Its indication was the emergence of the special educational body of National Educational Association, and the special school of the nationalist education school of thought. The upsurge and development of this ideological trend was internally caused by the stimulation of national crisis and externally influenced by its analogue in Japan, Europe and America. The trend greatly affected Chinese education, especially the movement for the regain of right to education in late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.