内蒙古呼伦贝尔市饮茶型氟铝联合中毒研究

Study on brick tea type fluoride-aluminum combined toxicosis in HuLunBeiEr Inner Mongolia

目的探讨饮茶型氟中毒是否为砖茶型氟铝联合中毒。方法对饮茶型氟中毒病区进行饮水、砖茶、奶茶、主食、副食及牧民发、血、尿氟铝水平检测,对饮茶型氟中毒病区儿童和成人进行临床检查和拍摄 X 线片,同时对成人进行血液生物化学检查,以饮水型病区及非病区居民为对照组。结果呼伦贝尔市饮茶型病区饮水、主食、副食氟铝水平均在正常范围,砖茶氟铝水平分别为(541.3±48.8)、(4351±724)mg/kg,奶茶氟铝水平分别为(3.83±0.73)、(4.28±1.56)mg/L。饮水型病区饮水氟铝水平分别为(3.68±1.05)、(0.45±0.25)mg/L。饮茶型病区牧民氟总摄入量96.15%、铝总摄入量89.60%来源于砖茶。儿童氟斑牙检出率饮茶型病区为25.24%,饮水型病区为63.17%,饮茶型病区非常显著低于饮水型病区(P<0.01);成人氟中毒检出率饮茶型病区为42.61%,饮水型病区为28.83%,饮茶型病区显著高于饮水型病区(P<0.01)。结论呼伦贝尔市饮茶型氟中毒发病机理较为复杂,可能是砖茶型氟铝联合中毒。

Objective To discuss fluorosis caused by drinking high fluoride brick tea is fluoride -aluminum combined toxicosis or not. Methods Contents of fluoride and aluminum in drinking water, brick tea, milk tea, staple food, vegetables, meats and, herdsmans＇ hair, serum and urine were mensurated, and the clinic examining and the skeletal X - rays were taken, moreover, biochemical examinations in herdsman＇s blood were measured in brick tea fluorosis affected areas , habitants rarely drinking brick tea living in HuLunBeiEr and habitants affected by high fluoride drinking water type fluorosis were as the control group. Results In brick tea fluorosis affected area, fluoride and aluminum levels of water and food samples were all on the normal range; brick tea contained a large amount of fluoride as （541.3±48.8 ） mg/L and alumnium as （4351±724 ） mg/L, and the fluoride and aluminum level in milk - tea was （ 3.83 ± 0. 73 ） mg/L and （4.28 ± 1.56 ） mg/L respectively ; In high fluoride drinking water affected area, fluoride and aluminum levels in drinking water were （ 3.68 ± 1.05 ） mg/L, （0.45 ± 0. 25 ） mg/L separately; Brick tea was accounting for 96.15% of total amounts of fluoride intake, and contributed to 89.60% of total aluminum intake in brick tea fluorosis affected area; The incidence rates of children＇s dental fluorosis in brick tea fluorosis affected area was 25.24%, and so was 63.17% in high fluoride drinking water affected area, and there difference had statistical significance （ P 〈0.01 ） ; The incidence rate of adult＇s fluorosis in brick tea fluorosis affected area was 42.61%, and so was 28.83% in high fluoride drinking water affected area, and there difference had statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The pathogenesis of fluorosis by drinking high fluoride brick tea in HuLunBeiEr was complicated, and it was probably fluoride - aluminum combined toxicosis.