李秉衡与清末兵灾赈济

Li Bingheng and the Relief of the Wars in the Late Qing Dynasty

作为清末督抚级重要人物,李秉衡在中法战争和甲午中日战争期间及之后都进行了赈济活动。在中法战争期间,他首先设立兵站,截留散兵溃卒,整顿军队,加强军需饷械的运输和管理工作;接着又创设医局,救治伤病员。战后继续救济流民和游勇,以工代赈修复镇南关和龙州,奖恤殉职官员。甲午中日战争期间,为保障战时供应,李秉衡多方筹集粮饷,解决兵民的生计问题;战后全力赈济灾民,致力于灾后重建;抚恤官员;重视安置游兵散勇;协赈其他灾区。李秉衡在清末战争状态下的赈济活动,乃晚清兵灾赈济的标本,是后人透视时代原貌的窗口。

As an important Governor General in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Bingheng led the relief during and after the Sino-French war and the Sino-Japanese wars. In the Sino-French War, he set up the army service station, rallied scattered forces, consolidated the army, and strengthened the management of the military and transport; and he set up infirmary, cured the sick and wounded. After the war, he relieved the tramps and lost soldiers, offered the work of repairing the Zhennanguan and Longzhou city wall in place of relief subsidies, and comforted and compensated the families of the officials killed in the war. In the Sino-Japanese War, to safegdard wartime supply, Li Bingheng raised the money for the war, solving the problem of supply; after the war, he devoted himself to the relief, rebuilding and resilience. Li Bingheng should be the typical representative for the relief in the late Qing Dynasty, and a window for the later generations to recall the history.