脑裂畸形的CT、MRI诊断(附24例报告)

CT and MR Imaging of Schizencephaly:Report of 24 Cases

目的：结合脑裂畸形的病理改变分析其ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ表现特点，并比较两种检查方法对该病的诊断价值。材料与方法：回顾分析２４例脑裂畸形资料，其中ＣＴ２０例，ＭＲＩ４例。结果：ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ上特征性表现为由灰质相衬的裂隙横跨半球，内达侧室，外达脑表面。裂隙内端多数有侧室外壁的憩室状突起，外端脑表面开口处均有楔形或扇形扩大。所衬灰质与大脑皮层连续，ＣＴ上与皮层等密度，ＭＲＩ各加权像上与皮层等信号。闭合型（Ⅰ型）脑裂２５个，开放型（Ⅱ型）脑裂７个。合并其他脑先天畸形１７例。结论：ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ能良好显示脑裂畸形的病理解剖特征。

Objective: To study CT and MRI appearances of schizencephaly with review of their pathological features, and evaluate diagnostic value of both modalities.Materials and Methods:24 cases with schizencephaly were analysed retrospectively. In them, 20 patients were examed with CT and 4 patients with MR.Results:On CT and MRI, characteristic appearances of the lesions were gray matter lined clefts which extended the full thickness of cerebral hemispheres from ventricle to hemispheric surface. Enlargements of both ends of clefts which appeared as fan or wedge shape at their lateral ends and as diverticulum from lateral ventricles at their ventricular ends, were noted in our cases. Lined gray matter, which was isodensity on CT and isointensity on T 1 and T 2 WI of MR, was continuous with adjacent cortices. Of 32 clefts, 25 were closed (Type Ⅰ), and 7 were open (Type Ⅱ). Accompanying abnormalities were found in 17 cases.Conclusion: CT and MRI could diagnose schizencephaly excellently. But for demonstration of their pathological features, MRI is better than CT.