漂浮育苗池水中烟草花叶病毒消毒剂的筛选

Screening of Disinfestants to Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Water of Tobacco Float Seedling System

为了筛选烟草漂浮育苗的池水消毒剂，试验了不同消毒剂对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的钝化效果、对烟苗生长以及池水化学成分的影响．结果表明，与TMV病叶汁液2万倍稀释液接触12h，体积分数7％有效氯次氯酸钠10μL·L^-1、质量分数30％有效氯漂白粉15mg-L^-1、体积分数40％N-羟乙基亚甲胺多聚物75μL·L^-1和质量分数98％高锰酸钾20mg·L^-1对TMV的抑制率高于80％，质量分数10％二氧化氯粉剂25mg·L^-1对TMV的抑制率低于50％．池水中体积分数40％N-羟乙基亚甲胺多聚物50～100μL·L^-1对烟苗生长和池水化学成分无负面影响．池水中质量分数30％有效氯漂白粉30—120mg·L^-1导致池水中锰含量降低、pH值前期偏高．池水中体积分数7％次氯酸钠超过10μL·L^-1对烟苗成苗率和生长有抑制作用．池水中质量分数10％二氧化氯粉刺超过25mg·L^-1对池水pH值及池水Mn含量、烟苗生长和烟苗Mn含量的负面影响较大．生产上池水TMV消毒可选择下列消毒剂：质量分数30％有效氯漂白粉15～30mg·L^-1和质量分数98％高锰酸钾20-30mg·L^-1，其次为体积分数40％N-羟乙基亚甲胺多聚物75—100μL·L^-1．

The side influence of disinfestants on tobacco seedling growth, water chemical ingredient were also evaluated. The local lesion assay indicated that： contacted with TMV infected leaf juice dilu- tion over 12 h, the disinfestants whose inactivation ratio of TMV above 80% are as follows： 7% sodium hypochlorite at 10 μL· L^-1, 30% chloride of lime at 15 mg· L^-1, 40% Yubao at 75 μL. L^-1 and 98% potassium permanganate at 20 mg · L^-1, 10% chlorine dioxide at 25 mg · L^-1 inactivation ratio of TMV less than 50%. 40% Yubao at 50 - 100 μL · L^-1 have no side effect on seedling growth as compared to water checkup. 30% chloride of lime at 30 - 120 mg · L^-1 make water Mn content decreases, pH value increase at first then come to normal. 7% sodium hypochlorite exceeding 10 μL · L^-1 in water decreases seedling rate and inhibits seedling growth. 10% chlorine dioxide exceeding 25 mg · L^-1 in water decreases water pH value and water Mn content, decreases seedling Mn content and inhibits seedling growth. 30% chloride of lime at 15 -30 mg · L^-1 , potassium permanganate at 20 · 30 mg · L^-1 , and 40% Yubao at 50 -75 μL · L^-1coming next are recommended to be applied to the tobacco float seedling system TMV inactivation in water.