外源纤维素合酶基因对棉纤维品质的改良作用

Study on Role of Foreign Cellulose Synthase Genes in Improvement of Cotton Fiber Quality

为改良棉花纤维品质,将由35S启动子驱动的木醋杆菌纤维素合酶基因acsA和acsB,用子房注射法和花粉粒媒介法转化棕色棉G007和白色棉X003,并检测后代棉纤维品质。研究结果表明,子房注射法的基因转化效率高于花粉粒媒介法。通过PCR和southern blot检测,最终获得转基因植株共11株。根据农艺性状表现,选出4个优良单株。对转基因当代及后代的检测结果表明,棕色棉纤维长度、比强度、纤维素含量和衣分都显著增加,而白色棉只有纤维比强度和纤维素含量显著增加。纤维长度和衣分没有变化。导入由35S启动子驱动的木醋杆菌纤维素合酶基因acsA和acsB,提高了转基因后代的棉纤维品质。

In order to improve cotton fiber quality, the foreign cellulose synthase genes （acsA and acsB） which were from Acetobacter aylinum, driven by CaMV35S promoter, were introduced into brown color cotton G007, and white color cotton X003, by two means of pollen tube mediated transformation （ovary injection and pollen grain mediation）. Ovary injection, compared to pollen grain mediation, resulted in higher transformation frequencies. Intergration of acsA and acsB genes was confirmed by PCR and southern blot, the result indicated that 11 plants possessed acsA and acsB genes. Four plants with better agronomic traits and fiber quality were selected from transformants. Analysis of transgenic plants and their progenies indicated that some of their fiber properties were improved. The length, strength, cellulose content and lint percent of brown color cotton fiber were increased significantly. However, for white color cotton, although the strength and cellulose content of fiber were increased significantly, the length and lint percent weren＇t changed. The fact suggested that induction and expression of acsA and acsB improved fiber quality of transgenic cotton plants.