扶绥黑叶猴食物多样性的初步研究

Diet Diversity of a Group of Francois' Langur(Trachypithecus francoisi) in Fusui Reserve:Preliminary Study

采用焦点动物取样技术研究了扶绥自然保护区内一群黑叶猴的食物多样性。研究表明，黑叶猴的食物种类在10～19种间变化；食物部位包括叶、果、花和芽。月食物种类与食物多样性指数呈显著正相关（Spearman’rho r=0．756，P=0．007〈0．05），表明黑叶猴把大部分取食时间集中在少量食物种类时，其食物多样性指数最低;反之最大。黑叶猴的食物多样性与食物种类月份之间没有显著变化（P〉0．05），表明黑叶猴在不同的月份之间以相同的食物种数和相同比例的食物部位作为食物来源。黑叶猴取食高质量食物（果实与花）的时间对食物多样性有显著影响（Spearman rho r=0．636，P=0．035〈0．05），这说明黑叶猴取食高质量食物会导致较高的食物多样性。

The study on diet diversity of a group of Francois＇ langur over 11 months was conducted by focal animal sampling method in Fusui Nature Reserve,China. The monthly food species ranged from 10 to 19 species. The mean diet diversity of monthly was 2.15 ,with lowest diet diversity 1.76 in August and largest one 2.53 in December. There was not significant difference between rainy seasons and dry seasons both in diet diversity index and plant species used. It indicated that langurs fed on similar number and proportion of plant species and same proportion of plant parts. Fruit in the diet was slightly significant correlation with the diet diversity （p= 0. 066）. However,the combined time spent on fruits and flowers was significantly correlated with diet diversity （Spearman rho r = 0. 636, p = 0. 035 〈0. 05）, which showed that only time spent on these items influenced the variety of foods. Monthly basis number of food species had positive and significant relationship with monthly diet diversity （Spearman＇ rho r= 0. 756,p=0. 007〈0. 05） ,indicating that a wider variety of foods took longer time to harvest and process.