当代国外发展观的演进述评

A Review of Contemporary View on Development in Foreign Countries

本文概括了当代国外七种典型的发展观,它们的演变经历了两个阶段:传统发展观和新发展观。第二阶段包括六种有代表性的观点,它们都是在批判传统发展观的过程中形成的。这六种观点之间存在着相互影响的关系,并推动着自身的演进。传统发展观试图解决发展中国家的现代化问题,但它对发展的理解极端狭隘和片面,造成了严重的发展问题。在此背景下,国际上涌现了一系列批判传统发展观的新发展观,它们分别从不同方面促进了人类发展观的完善,从而把发展观推进到一个新的阶段。但它们又都存在不同的缺陷,无法真正解决发展问题,这客观上要求发展观进一步改进和完善。

The seven kinds of contemporary concepts of development in foreign countries have been evolved in this paper. Their evolution has gone through two phases: the traditional concept of development, and the new concept of development. The traditional concept of development focused on resolving the poverty and backwardness in developing countries, but it is too narrow and then lead to serious negative consequences. In this context, many new conceptions——including six kinds in this paper——emerged in the world to criticize the traditional concept. They have improved the concept of development from different aspects. As a result, the concept of development has gone to a new stage. However, each has deficiencies and cannot solve developing problems, which requires further improvement and perfection of the concept.