集聚经济、行业特性与国际竞争力——中国制造业的视角

Agglomeration economy,industry features and international competitiveness—Perspective on Chinese manufacturing industry

本文通过计算Hoover系数、RCA指数和ITC指数来考察集聚经济布局下中国制造业国际竞争力状况。研究认为,首先,随着要素驱动程度不同,集聚经济对制造业国际竞争力的提升作用存在结构上的差异。其次,开放经济条件下民族制造业面临着更为严峻的竞争形势,因此国内市场的适当保护和扶植是必不可少的。最后,提升民族制造业的国际竞争力,一个重要切入点就是加强集聚经济效应对中高级以上技术型行业的扩散程度。

This article examines the international competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry in consideration of the layout of agglomeration economy by calculating Hoover coefficient, RCA index and ITC index. Researches find that： first, due to different factor- driven degree, the promotion effects of agglomeration economy on the international competitiveness of manufac- turing industry differ in structure. Second, in an open economy, national manufacturing industry faces more severe competition, and it is essential to provide proper protection and support for domestic market. Finally, to improve the competitiveness of national manufacturing industry＇, an important breakthrough is to enhance the effects of agglomeration econom.y on the expansion of middle and high technological industries.