收入增长、不平等和贫困--中国健康与营养调查数据分析

Income Increases,Inequality and Poverty Reduction:A Case Study of Eight Provinces in China

文章利用中国8个省的调查数据,研究了城市和农村在1989～2004年间经济增长、收入不平等和减贫之间的关系。分析结果表明,城乡收入水平在这一期间有了引人注目的改善,在很大程度上降低了贫困率。沿海农村地区的居民收入上升最快,其次为沿海城市地区。在这个时期,收入的不平等也在扩大,尤其是在城市地区,抵消了一部分由增长带来的减贫成果。通过对收入决定因素的分解,作者发现,收入水平的改善在很大程度上归功于教育回报率的上升和农村非农产业的就业增长。

This paper examines the relationships between growth performance and income inequality in the urban and rural areas of eight Chinese provinces during the period of 1989-2004.It shows that incomes were considerably increasing during the time and poverty rates were reduced due primarily to rising income levels.Income rose most rapidly for rural residents in coastal provinces,followed by urban coastal areas.Inequality of income also widened during this period,most rapidly in urban areas of interior and coastal provinces.A decomposition analysis based on household income determination suggests that income growth can largely be attributed to the increase in returns to education and to employment in rural non-farm sectors.