颅脑伤死亡患者282例原因分析

Causes of 282 fatal traumatic brain injured patients

目的：分析造成颅脑伤患者死亡原因，为提高颅脑伤患者治疗效果提供依据。方法：对２８２例颅脑伤死亡患者作回顾性调查分析。结果：２８２例中，车祸（４９．６％）、坠落伤（２４．８％）、跌伤（１９．５％）是导致颅脑伤的最常见原因。严重脑挫裂伤、脑水肿、脑肿胀所致的颅内高压（４１．５％）、脑干伤（２８．４％）和肺部并发症（１５．２％）是导致颅脑死亡的最常见因素。结论：寻找行之有效的方法控制创伤后颅内高压，防治肺部并发症是降低颅脑伤患者死亡率的关键。

Objective:To discuss the major causes of death in traumatic brain injured patients. Methods: Retrospective data from 282 fatal traumatic brain injured patients were analyzed. Results: Motor vehicle accidents(49.6%), height dropping(24.8%), and fall (19.5%) were the most frequent causes of traumatic brain injury(TBI). The mortality of TBI patients resulted from uncontrolled high ICP of severe cerebral contusion( 41.5 %), brain stem injury(28.4%), and respiratory complications(15.2%). Conclusion: The control of high ICP as well as management of respiratory complications are the most useful measures to reduce mortality of TBI patients.