足球运动中不同踢球方式摆动腿的运动学特征比较与分析

Comparison and Analysis of the Kinematics Characteristics of Swing Leg between Different Kicking Manners in Soccer

踢球是决定比赛胜负的主要技术手段之一。其中,脚背内侧踢球、正脚背踢球、脚内侧踢球及脚背外侧踢球是4种最基本的踢球方法,4种踢球方法踢球腿的摆动具有相似性,运动生物力学手段对其进行研究比较发现,脚背内踢球摆动腿的大腿前摆角最大,脚内侧踢球小腿前摆角最小,脚触球时,正脚背踢球与脚背外侧踢球的小腿角速度最快,脚内侧最慢。摆动腿的摆动存在鞭打动作,但不仅仅局限于鞭打动作。

Kicking determines the victory as one of the main technique method in soccer games. It includes four kicking manner： instep kicking, inner edge of instep, inside foot kicking and outside of foot kicking. They are similar in swing leg. We used the means of sports biomechanics to study them, the frontal angle of swing leg in inner edge of instep was the biggest, and the frontal angle of in swing leg of inside foot kicking was the smallest. The angular velocity of lower leg in instep kicking and out side of kicking was fastest, the inner edge of instep was slowest. The swing in swing leg contains whiplash motion, but it was not all attribute to it.