中国岩土分异规律及其对公路建设的影响

Distribution and Variation Rule of Rock and Soil in China and Its Influences on Highway Construction

岩土条件对公路路基路面、桥涵、隧道等各类构造物的稳定性、耐久性、安全性、经济性影响显著。从公路工程角度提出了新的岩土类型划分,并在整理和参考大量相关图件的基础上,利用ArcGIS9.1编制了《中国公路岩土类型分布图》;进行了初步的公路岩土分区,运用大地构造学、公路工程地质等方面原理分析了中国公路岩土分异规律,并以黄土高原岩土区为例,阐述了岩土分异规律对公路建设的影响。认识公路岩土的分异规律,对公路建设乃至公路自然区划的研究具有一定的指导意义。

As far as highway engineering is concerned, rock and soil is the solid foundation as well as the significant components of it. Taking rock and soil as the researching object, the distribution and variation rule of rock and soil and its influences on highway engineering in China are emphasized. First of all,the type.s of rock and soil are newly defined here. Then, by referring to The Engineering Geologic Map of China （1 ： 4 000 000） et al, The Distribution Map of Highway Rock and Soil Types of China is compiled using ArcGIS9.1, and the zoning work of rock and soil in China is primarily done, and moreover, the efforts of explaining the distribution and variation rule of rock and soil are made with the aid of the principes on geotectology and highway engineering geology et al. On the basis of this distribution and variation rule, which may be of vital significance for further Natural Division of Highway, its influences on the construction of the highway engineering are analyzed subsequently, taking Loess Plateau Rock and Soil Region as an exemple.