加权拓扑模型下的小世界电网脆弱性评估

Vulnerability Assessment to Small-world Power Grid Based on Weighted Topological Model

电网连锁故障机理研究是目前的热点,该文构造基于线路电抗的加权电网拓扑模型,提出计算加权电网平均距离的算法,改进基于节点负荷平衡的连锁故障动态模型,并提出新的电网脆弱性评估指标。在实际电网上验证加权电网拓扑模型和故障模型的合理性。对电网加权模型分析表明,电网的加权模型不仅保持了小世界特性,在反映节点重要程度和实际电力系统运行状态等方面都优于无权模型;在改进的故障模型上的仿真结果表明,小世界电网对关键节点的依赖性远大于对普通节点的依赖性,外界影响因素不能从根本上改变其本身固有的结构脆弱性,合理安排电网的结构将更有助于增加电网的可靠性水平和稳定性水平。

In order to find the inner reason for cascading failures in large-scale power grid, the impedance-based topological model and cascading failure model for weighted power grid were established, and corresponding algorithm and new indices to calculate the average distance of weighted power grid were presented and the vulnerability of power grid was estimated. Small-world effects were found in the weighted power grid model, which indicates that weighted model of the power grid is superior in reflecting the node importance and the operation of real power system. The failure model was testified in real power grid. Results of failure experiment show that small-world power grid relies much more on key nodes than common nodes, external factors cannot improve the inherent vulnerability of the grid, and arranging a reasonable structure will be more effective in increasing the reliability and stability of the power grid.