乳腺癌分子标志和分子分型

Biomarkers and Molecular Subtypes in Breast Cancer

乳腺癌是生物学高度异质性的肿瘤,雌激素受体(estrogen recept,ER)、孕激素受体(progester-one recept,PR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor 2,HER-2)是目前预测预后和指导治疗重要的分子标志。随着分子生物学技术的不断进步,可以根据ER、PR、HER-2表达状态和细胞形态学可以将乳腺癌大致分成4至5个亚群,即Luminal(ER+/PR+)、HER-2+(ER-,PR-,HER-2+)、Basal-like(ER-,PR-,HER-2-)和Normal-like等,它们在临床治疗反应和生存方面截然不同。因此,对乳腺癌进行分子标志检测或分子分型有利于判断患者的临床预后和指导临床治疗。

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity. According to ER, PR, HER-2 expression and cyto-morphology, 4 to 5 molecular subgroups have been proposed ： luminal （ E/L/PR ＋ ）, HER- 2 ＋ （ER-, PR-, HER-2 ＋ ） , basal-like （ER-, PR-, HER-2-） and normal-like types. Many studies have indicated that molecular subgroups were associated with therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. Clinical response to neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy are stronger among the HER2 ＋/ ER and basal-like types than the luminal subtypes, but prognosis is poorer. Biomarkers and molecu- lar subtypes are of great significance in predicting prognosis and can provide information for the treatment of breast cancer.