老年病人出院指导中的“接受过程”及其与“出院后改变”的相关性研究

The relationship between the elderly patients’ receive processing of nurses’ discharge education at hospitals and their post-discharge changes

目的 探讨老年病人出院指导中的“接受过程”及其与“出院后改变”的相关性。方法 对114例60岁以上老年病人进行调查，时间为病人出院前和出院2周后。根据研究构造的理论框架，决定了3个评价手段，即测量出院指导“接受过程”的工具、测量“出院后改变”的工具、日常生活行动能力的评价标准。结果 出院指导“接受过程”认知、理解、评价3园子均低的病人，出院后日常生活行动能力平均值比出院前上升了1．3点，同时“出院后改变”的平均得点为（17．6±2．8）点；认知、理解、评价3因子均高的病人，出院后日常生活行动能力平均值比出院前上升了2．0点，同时“出院后改变”的平均得点为（20．1±2．8）点。两类病人比较，高者较低者高出2-4点。结论 老年病人对出院指导的“接受过程”直接影响到日常生活行动能力的提高以及“出院后改变”的程度。利用测量“接受过程”的工具，可在病人出院时预测其在家庭中的行动变化程度，也可利用测量“出院后改变”的工具来评价出院指导的直接效果。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the elderly patients＇ receive processing of nurses＇ discharge education at hospitals and the changes of their post-discharge. Methods Based on the theory framework developed in this study ,measurement tools for receive processing at discharge education and post-discharge change,and assessment benchmark for activities of daily living were developed.One hundred and fourteen aged patients were investegated with the tools when discharge and two weeks post-discharge. Results In the group which got low points in factors of receive processing ,such as Recognition,Understanding and Assessment,the average point of activities of daily living increased 1.3 after discharge.The av- erage point of activities in the group with high points increased 2.0.The average points of post-discharge change were （17.6±2.8） and （20.1±2.8） respectively. Conclusions The elderly patients＇ receive processing of discharge education at hospitals direedy affects the activities of daily living after discharge and post-discharge change.We can predict the post-discharge change of patients with the measurement tool for receive processing and assess the effectiveness of discharge education with the measurement tool for post-discharge change.